The Influence of the Italian Model of Hardship in Latin America and International Trade (with Some Notes from Social Sciences)

This article studies the Italian model of hardship and how it has influenced Latin American jurisdictions and international trade. On the one hand, it develops how various national jurisdictions have imported the Italian model and how it has been followed by certain international instruments. On the other hand, economics and psychology are applied to analyse the good and bad of the Italian model. Finally, the article reflects on whether there is one model of hardship that is better than another and where the Italian model stands in this respect.