TY - JOUR
T1 - Soot Volume Fraction Measurements by Auto-Compensating Laser-Induced Incandescence in Diffusion Flames Generated by Ethylene Pool Fire
AU - Cruz, Juan J.
AU - Verdugo, Ignacio
AU - Gutiérrez-Cáceres, Nicolás
AU - Escudero, Felipe
AU - Demarco, Rodrigo
AU - Liu, Fengshan
AU - Yon, Jérôme
AU - Chen, Dongping
AU - Fuentes, Andrés
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2021 Cruz, Verdugo, Gutiérrez-Cáceres, Escudero, Demarco, Liu, Yon, Chen and Fuentes.
PY - 2021/11/8
Y1 - 2021/11/8
N2 - The main characteristics of pool fire flames are flame height, air entrainment, pulsation of the flame, formation and properties of soot particles, mass burning rate, radiation feedback to the pool surface, and the amount of pollutants including soot released to the environment. In this type of buoyancy controlled flames, the soot content produced and their subsequent thermal radiation feedback to the pool surface are key to determine the self-sustainability of the flame, their mass burning rate and the heat release rate. The accurate characterization of these flames is an involved task, specially for modelers due to the difficulty of imposing adequate boundary conditions. For this reason, efforts are being made to design experimental campaigns with well-controlled conditions for their reliable repeatability, reproducibility and replicability. In this work, we characterized the production of soot in a surrogate pool fire. This is emulated by a bench-scale porous burner fueled with pure ethylene burning in still air. The flame stability was characterized with high temporal and spatial resolution by using a CMOS camera and a fast photodiode. The results show that the flame exhibit a time-varying propagation behavior with a periodic separation of the reactive zone. Soot volume fraction distributions were measured at nine locations along the flame centerline from 20 to 100 mm above the burner exit using the auto-compensating laser-induced incandescence (AC-LII) technique. The mean, standard deviation and probability density function of soot volume fraction were determined. Soot volume fraction presents an increasing tendency with the height above the burner, in spite of a local decrease at 90 mm which is approximately the position separating the lower and attached portion of the flame from the higher more intermittent one. The results of this work provide a valuable data set for validating soot production models in pool fire configurations.
AB - The main characteristics of pool fire flames are flame height, air entrainment, pulsation of the flame, formation and properties of soot particles, mass burning rate, radiation feedback to the pool surface, and the amount of pollutants including soot released to the environment. In this type of buoyancy controlled flames, the soot content produced and their subsequent thermal radiation feedback to the pool surface are key to determine the self-sustainability of the flame, their mass burning rate and the heat release rate. The accurate characterization of these flames is an involved task, specially for modelers due to the difficulty of imposing adequate boundary conditions. For this reason, efforts are being made to design experimental campaigns with well-controlled conditions for their reliable repeatability, reproducibility and replicability. In this work, we characterized the production of soot in a surrogate pool fire. This is emulated by a bench-scale porous burner fueled with pure ethylene burning in still air. The flame stability was characterized with high temporal and spatial resolution by using a CMOS camera and a fast photodiode. The results show that the flame exhibit a time-varying propagation behavior with a periodic separation of the reactive zone. Soot volume fraction distributions were measured at nine locations along the flame centerline from 20 to 100 mm above the burner exit using the auto-compensating laser-induced incandescence (AC-LII) technique. The mean, standard deviation and probability density function of soot volume fraction were determined. Soot volume fraction presents an increasing tendency with the height above the burner, in spite of a local decrease at 90 mm which is approximately the position separating the lower and attached portion of the flame from the higher more intermittent one. The results of this work provide a valuable data set for validating soot production models in pool fire configurations.
KW - diffusion flame
KW - fuel surrogate
KW - porous burner
KW - soot concentration
KW - unsteady flame
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85119485803&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fmech.2021.744283
DO - 10.3389/fmech.2021.744283
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85119485803
SN - 2297-3079
VL - 7
JO - Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering
JF - Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering
M1 - 744283
ER -