'Smart city' model for descentralization of peruvian sustainable development

The paper aims to analyze the adequacy of a smart city prototype to promote decentralized innovation in public services in Peru. The research is meant to become a reference guideline to establish Information and Communication Technologies' (ICT) solutions criteria to provide urban public services in Peruvian emerging cities. So the study is related to the country's national development politics stated in the Bicentenary Plan "Peru towards 2021". To follow these trends, regional and municipal strategic plans include policies which require a coordinated and cross sectoral perspective in order to achieve development and competitiveness goals in regional and national level. The methodology of this paper is divided in two parts. The first part is focused on the analysis of the demand to provide five types of local public services: health, education, transportation, public safety and urban solid waste (USW) management. The second part is centered on the adaptation of the minimum telecommunications infrastructure requirements, to assume ICT solutions with a more efficient management of local resources to attend those public services. In addition an approach to an economic analysis of the proposed technical solution is done with focus on sustainable development. The main secondary source used in this study was the database of the municipality which was analyzed to obtain the demand of attention in the mentioned public services. This is the basis for the evaluation of the transmission capacity requirements for the local optical fiber network, whose access point has just been installed in this important emergent city located between the highland and rainforest area of Peru. Based on the municipality of Huanuco database, the requirements were assessed considering the attention to 1 regional hospital, 1 health post, 7 health centers without internment, 241 municipal schools, 6 technical productive centers, 5 superior nonuniversity college, 85 urban public transportation routes, 160 security cameras, 2 video surveillance control centers, 62 mobile cameras, a total of 120 tons of USW daily and just 1 USW treatment center. The results defined that the use of ICT is needed to improve the necessary capacity for the transmission of information that enables effective local management. The implementation includes 1 Operations and Control Center supplied with 30 servers and 8 cores at a processing speed of 2.1 GHz, a central switch and 6 distribution nodes interconnected by 30 Km of optical fiber within the urban perimeter. Furthermore, the requirements for the implementation of the Big Data Analytics are analyzed and management software is needed for the collection, interoperability, processing and dissemination of the information obtained. In addition, to be effective, these telecommunication infrastructure requirements must be complemented with the development of institutional and personal capacities of the people related to these services. Although the requirements for the implementation of the optical fiber dorsal and regional network have been previously estimated, this research is the first attempt to provide information regarding the need for urban telecommunications infrastructure for cities of the Peruvian highland and rainforest regions. As a result of this study, it was found that a municipal investment of around 5 million dollars is required to be able to improve the attention to 80% of the population of Huánuco. Thus, this project has an effectivity cost of 52 dollars per person for its implementation plus 20 dollars annually for operation and maintenance.