Mejora del sistema de distribución de una empresa comercializadora de cemento y materiales de construcción mediante el uso de modelación matemática

This research analyzes the situation that a concrete and construction materials enterprise deal with and the objective that it has which is the improvement in the cargo distribution system. This system also includes the transportation system for said cargo. This enterprise offers the transportation service which includes load, transportation and unload activities. The transportation starts at the enterprise's main building located in Surco and finishes at the client's respective buildings located to the south of Lima. At the enterprise's building, it's necessary to have a high level of inventory as well as a correct storage order for the materials that arrive from the supply factories which are the bas for the different material requirement configurations that each client have. Distribution planning is made taking into consideration variables such as delivery priorities, material types for each distribution point, transportation unit capacities and distances. However, there is no formal planning for the distribution which is why the research focuses on using mathematic methods such as the vehicle routing problem in order to find the optimal delivery route for each client order with the minimal distance traveled and time spent. The research will start with the identification of every variable that are relevant to the distribution model; the historic information of past orders was required in order to identify the most representative clients that the enterprise has; these are the clients that asked frequently for the service and had a high order volume; after that, the vehicle routing problem method was applied; first the Bin Packing Problem and then vehicle routing method with CVRP capacity; finally, an algorithm is designed that allows us to improve the distribution routes. The algorithm was implemented during different distribution days for the orders of the most representative cement consuming clients. The results indicated an average saving in distance traveled of 10.2% or 41.9 kilometers daily.