“Not once but many times the Homeland” The political concept of homeland in the city of Trujillo during the independence of Peru (1808-1824)

This article analyzes the semantic transformations presented in the country between 1808-1824, a period that spans from the monarchical crisis to the war of independence in Peru. It is maintained that before that situation, this word was not part of the political vocabulary of Trujillo's elite and was used to designate, mainly, the birthplace of its inhabitants. In the years of the Central Junta and the Cortes of Cádiz, due to access to the official press and correspondence with peninsular officials, local authorities began to designate the Spanish monarchy as a homeland. When the war of independence began and the insurgents discursively took over its use, the relistas stopped enunciating it as a political concept and erected the king and, especially, the Spanish nation as a concept that opposed it and disputed its sovereignty.