Geophysical tests applied to the archaeological research of the Sacred City of Caral

The investigation was carried out in the Sacred City of Caral considered as the oldest civilization of America, with 5000 BC, located in Supe to the north of Lima. The objective is to contribute to the archaeological investigations using non-destructive techniques applying Geophysical methods of Geo Radar, Seismic Refraction and Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW). It was made a comparison between the P wave velocity (Vp), S wave velocity (Vs) and dielectric constant (k) of the three geophysical tests that were also used to obtain greater precision. The work has been done in two zones: Zone 01: "Dune" and Zone 02: "Possible cemetery". It has been determined that shear wave velocity varies from 180 m/s to 340 m/s. In the zone 01 has been found an Aeolian material that has a thickness of 2.0 m to 8.8 m; Beneath this cover was found a more rigid material that could be a natural barrier that protected the city from the floods that occurred in the rainy season. In the zone 02, an anomaly in the form of a parabola was visualized, reason why an excavation was decided, finding a funerary context of an adult mummy and of an infant.