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Liberalización de aranceles: efectos sobre la producción, empleo e importaciones en el corto plazo
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2010)
A twofold objective underlies this document. One is to create a framework to assess the tariff reform at the beginning of the 1980s. The other is to examine a simple supply-demand model to determine the impact of trade tariff removal on output, employment and industrial imports.
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El desempeño de la industria peruana 1950-1995: del proteccionismo a la restauración liberal
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 1998)
This essay is concerned with the performance of Peruvian manufacturing industry and manufacturing trade, during the 1950-1996 period. This period comprehends the years of import substitution industrialization, the long economic stagnation of 1976-1990, and the recent years of trade liberalization and economic deregulation. The nature of import substitution is evaluated and, at the same time, an explanation of its limits and declination is tried in order to understand the long economic stagnation of 1976-1990. Finally, this essay puts special emphasis on the differences of the manufacturing industry performance during the context of trade liberalization, and the boom and declination of import substitution. The effects of liberal reforms on the manufacturing trade and on the competitiveness of Peruvian industry are analyzed with particular attention, both from the demand and input cost sides.
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El sector agrícola y los procesos de inserción internacional latinoamericanos
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2006)
This paper analyzes the effects of the liberalization and/or exclusion of the agricultural sector in the integration processes in which are immersed the Latin American Countries from the comparison of 4 different ways from liberalization. The central objective consists of determining if it is necessary that this sector receives a special treatment in comparison with the rest of economic sectors, or if the complete liberalization is more/less favorable than the exclusion of the agriculture in the integration processes. We used a static CGE model, multisectorial, multicountry of short and long term that has a predominantly agricultural aggregation. Between the main results we found that although the 4 types of liberalization generate positive results in the Latin American economies; for Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador-Bolivia, Argentina and Uruguay the multilateral strategy that excludes the agricultural sector generates greater benefits than the net tariff liberalization. Despite if we compare the tariff liberalization versus the total liberalization (one that includes export subsidies elimination and band of prices), all the countries with exception of Peru and Venezuela register greater benefits with the total liberalization.

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