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Item type:Publication, Análisis de los factores que afectaron la reforma de la institucionalidad indígena en el Perú (2000-2011)(International Political Science Association, 2020-06-21)Este artículo analiza el proceso de agendación de los cambios en el cuerpo de políticas indígenas en la estructura del gobierno peruano entre el 2000 y el 2010. Esta investigación se centra en el análisis de las transformaciones de la estructura institucional que se ocupa de la población indígena, al igual que los factores que explican tales cambios organizacionales en el gobierno a través del tiempo. Los autores aplicaron la metodología de estudio de caso de Michael Barselay y Juan Carlos Cortazar a fin de lograr un acercamiento al proceso de toma de decisiones para éste cambio institucional. Este artículo reconstruye dicho proceso de cambio bajo las perspectivas históricas y politológicas haciendo uso de metodología cualitativa la cual envuelve etnografía, entrevistas a profundidad, la revisión de documentos primarios y fuentes periodísticas. Como resultado de la investigación se concluye que las coyunturas políticas específicas son capaces de abrir ventanas de oportunidad, las cuales permiten la discusión de temas concernientes a las poblaciones indígenas; además, en dicho proceso, el rol jugado por empresarios políticos es relevante para el cambio institucional. Se encontró que dependiendo de la coyuntura su participación puede fortalecer o debilitar a la institución; finalmente, este artículo demuestra que la racionalidad económica, la cual caracteriza al modelo económico peruano, tiende a debilitar a las instituciones que se ocupan de la población indígena. En resumen, el artículo enfatiza la relevancia del estudio de la institucionalidad estatal no solo de sus estructuras formales, sino también en los procesos, la ejecución y los cambios que tienen lugar en la formulación de una política pública.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
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Item type:Publication, Salience, Self-Salience, and Discursive Opportunities(IGI Global, 2020-01-01)Peruvian electoral campaigning, centered on the candidate and lacking a significant connection with contention politics occurring in years previous to the poll, is a very diverse exercise, trying to achieve success through a variety of actions while facing a common-sense interpretation of politics as unreliable and not trustworthy. This fixes an agenda from which candidates have to develop their campaigns, focused on convincing others of their commitment to specific groups and willingness to change whatever does not directly affect each specific constituency that is being appealed to for voting. This behavior is replicated even in Facebook, where candidates try to fix their own issues as salient, but usually failing to respond to the media-set agenda. The potential effectiveness of social media, particularly Facebook, would rest in using discursive opportunities emerging during the campaign to construct self-salience, countering the biases of conventional media.2 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The political blockages of Peruvian memory cinema(Springer, 2020-12-17)This chapter examines the difficulties facing twenty-first-century Peruvian films in their attempts to contribute to society by encouraging their audiences to remember the violence experienced by the country from 1980 to 2000. It examines five difficulties: first, the opposition between film as industry and as art; second, how production and distribution are conditioned by unequal power relations between the Andes, Lima and the global North; third, the complexities of representing victims without suppressing their agency; fourth, the adversity facing Andean film productions in reaching audiences and fifth, the tension surrounding representations of the Shining Path and its members in the face of polarized memories of political violence in Peru. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Digital inclusion across the Americas and the Caribbean(Cogitatio Press, 2020-01-01)This research brings together digital inequality scholars from across the Americas and Caribbean to examine efforts to tackle digital inequality in Uruguay, Chile, Peru, Brazil, Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica, the United States, and Canada. As the case studies show, governmental policy has an important role to play in reducing digital disparities, particularly for potential users in rural or remote areas, as well as populations with great economic disparities. We find that public policy can effectively reduce access gaps when it combines the trifecta of network, device, and skill provision, especially through educational institutions. We also note, that urban populations have benefitted from digital inclusion strategies to a greater degree. This underscores that, no matter the national context, rural-urban digital inequality (and often associated economic inequality) is resistant to change. Even when access is provided, potential users may not find it affordable, lack skills, and/or see no benefit in adoption. We see the greatest potential for future digital inclusion in two related approaches: 1) initiatives that connect with hard-to-reach, remote, and rural communities outside urban cores and 2) initiatives that learn from communities about how best to provide digital resources while respecting their diversely situated contexts, while meeting social, economic and political needs. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
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Item type:Publication, Provisions, gifts, bribes and loans: the Informaçion General of 1588 and the defense of viceregal authority in 16th century Peru(Universidad de Valladolid, 2021-12-01)Los estudios en torno a la autoridad de los virreyes en América, sus conflictos a nivel local, las acusaciones de mal gobierno y los mecanismos para controlar su desempeño han dado nuevas luces sobre la naturaleza del orden político virreinal, los alcances y límites del poder monárquico y la dinámica de constante negociación puesta. Este artículo analiza la Informaçión Original llevada a cabo en 1588 por el conde del Villar, virrey del Perú, que más allá de una auto fiscalización, fue una estrategia para recomponer su autoridad e imagen como actor político legítimo en el escenario peruano.2 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
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Item type:Publication, River lives, river movements. Fisher communities mobilizing local and official rules in defense of the Magdalena River(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2021-01-01)The Magdalena River, Colombia’s main river backbone, features multiple tensions and socio-environmental conflicts. They manifest themselves in the river’s ecological degradation and negatively impact the riparian communities and artisanal fishermen, whose productive activities and rights of access to water are restricted. For these communities, the river is a means of passing down and exchanging knowledge between generations. However, their knowledge and practices are not recognized in the dominant governance processes over the Magdalena River. In an interview with Juan Carlos Gutiérrez-Camargo, environmental activist, researcher and companion of artisanal fishermen, we illustrate the universe of epistemologies and worldviews of these communities. We discuss, from a legal-pluralism perspective, the contradictions between state norms and authorities, parastatal powers, and the customary rights of fishing communities. We analyze how the simultaneous presence of various authorities and the complex, unequal arena of legal, extra-legal and illegal forces, hinders enforcement of fishermen’s customary socio-legal repertoires and also of the Colombian Constitution to protect riverside communities’ human rights. The interview reflects on the great complexity of exercising community leadership, environmental protection and defense of artisanal fishing in the midst of a socio-normative political arena permeated by state abandonment and paramilitary violence. For this reason, the interview stresses the importance of recognizing artisanal fisher collectives as political subjects in river co-governance. It also highlights the ambivalent implications of granting rights to nature and rivers: their meaning, functions and impact depend on their political trajectory and mobilization by grassrooted collectives. Finally, Gutiérrez proposes strengthening knowledge networks to bolster river co-governance where the political-cultural and socio-normative frameworks of riverside communities play a preponderant role.