Producción científica
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://cris.pucp.edu.pe/handle/123456789/20173
Browse
6 results
Search Results
- Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Patterns and Drivers of Evapotranspiration in South American Wetlands(Nature Research, 2023-12-01)Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key process linking surface and atmospheric energy budgets, yet its drivers and patterns across wetlandscapes are poorly understood worldwide. Here we assess the ET dynamics in 12 wetland complexes across South America, revealing major differences under temperate, tropical, and equatorial climates. While net radiation is a dominant driver of ET seasonality in most environments, flooding also contributes strongly to ET in tropical and equatorial wetlands, especially in meeting the evaporative demand. Moreover, significant water losses through wetlands and ET differences between wetlands and uplands occur in temperate, more water-limited environments and in highly flooded areas such as the Pantanal, where slow river flood propagation drives the ET dynamics. Finally, floodplain forests produce the greatest ET in all environments except the Amazon River floodplains, where upland forests sustain high rates year round. Our findings highlight the unique hydrological functioning and ecosystem services provided by wetlands on a continental scale. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Pumping resources: the new groundwater tariff in Peru and its contribution to water supply infrastructure funding(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2026-05-01)Aquifers are natural sources of resilience to seasonal drought and extreme weather events, and yet, in many parts of the world, they face the threat of over extraction and depletion. In 2015, Peru implemented a new regime in which water utility companies can assume the responsibility for groundwater monitoring and management, benefiting individuals, businesses, and industries extracting groundwater through wells. In return for this service, the water utility company can charge them a tariff, calculated by the water and sanitation regulator. The tariff calculation includes the financial costs of monitoring water levels and recharging aquifers, but also enables the recovery of part of the investments that were deployed to supply drinking water to the city, considering that they indirectly benefit groundwater extractors by contributing to availability of water in aquifers. This is an innovative approach that allows to account for externalities in water pricing, avoiding that piped water customers inadvertently subsidize groundwater extractors. The paper analyzes the case of Lima, where revenues coming from groundwater extractors make an important contribution to infrastructure funding. The estimations indicate that, under a counterfactual scenario where no groundwater regime exists and water customers must bear the entire burden of water infrastructure projects, there would be an average tariff increase of 9.7%. The results of this paper are significant in a context where policy debate in infrastructure service transitions from a model reliant solely on customer tariffs to one incorporating complementary mechanisms to recover not only financial but also environmental and resource costs. By documenting this successful experience, the paper quantifies the capacity of innovative mechanisms to capture the value generated by infrastructure projects, while contributing to sustainable groundwater abstraction and affordable water services.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Incorporating river morphodynamics in the characterization of key ecological system units for conservation in the western Amazon(Nature Portfolio, 2026-12-01)This study presents a novel methodology for developing a conservation Blueprint in the western Amazon, focusing on the Marañón, Napo, and Ucayali basins. Our approach highlights the critical role of fluvial integrity in shaping ecological functions and biodiversity through floodplain reshaping, habitat interconnecting across forests, and the transport and distribution of sediments, nutrients, and minerals throughout the region. We introduced two ecological attributes, the Modern Morphodynamics Index (MOR) and the Suspended Sediment Index (SSI), which together provide an improved representation of the temporal dynamics and connectivity that rivers impart to the landscape, as well as their influence on biotic dynamics. Our methodology integrates quantification and classification of biotic (five taxa) and abiotic variables across spatially nested hierarchies to assess ecological conditions and human-induced pressure. The resulting Ecological System (ES) units prioritizes areas with high ecological condition scores (i.e., high integrity) and low anthropogenic impact, enabling the development of more targeted conservation strategies. Our findings underscore (1) the value of incorporating MOR and SSI, which identify regions characterized by high dynamism and substantial sediment and nutrient loads as major drivers of biotic patterns; and (2) the urgent need for expanded species diversity surveys to better understand spatiotemporal distribution patterns across these complex river systems. Overall, this comprehensive framework offers a robust foundation for informing conservation planning and infrastructure development, supporting the long-term sustainable management of these critical Amazonian ecosystems.2 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Did private sector participation improve water services in Tumbes, Peru?(Elsevier BV, 2026-08-01)The Tumbes concession, active from September 2005 to November 2018, was the only private operator among Peru's 50 water utilities. Its termination offers an opportunity to assess the performance of the private operator relative to the predominant municipal utility model in the country. Using the synthetic control method, this paper finds that, compared to its counterfactual, access indicators stagnated and underperformed in Tumbes, while quality indicators (service continuity and metering rate) showed improvements. These heterogeneous outcomes are explained through an in-depth analysis of the contractual design—which combined features of a management contract, a concession, and an affermage—and the regulatory framework. The contract design failed to secure large-scale investments needed to expand coverage (either by the public or private sector). However, smaller investments and management improvement, enabled by development and private financing as well as regulatory action, contributed to measurable gains in quality indicators.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Born to die: lessons for the public sector from the failed water concession in Tumbes, Peru(Taylor & Francis, 2026-01-01)While Latin America has witnessed mixed results in public–private partnerships, understanding the factors driving these varied outcomes requires closer examination. Public institutions are responsible for the design, procurement, and regulation of contracts, yet the focus tends to be almost entirely on the private operator. This paper provides an in-depth case study of the water concession in Tumbes, Peru, which was prematurely terminated in 2018. The examination of the quantitative and qualitative information on contract design, the regulatory framework, and performance indicators reveals that well-designed contracts, strong institutions, and a solid regulatory framework are crucial for successful private participation.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Adsorption of Congo red on montmorillonite modified with titanium and aluminum pillars(Springer Science+Business Media, 2025-01-01)The present work aimed to synthesize pillared clays with titanium (Ti-PILC) and aluminum (Al-PILC) from montmorillonite (LG-PILC) and to verify their efficiency in removing the anionic diazo dye Congo red via adsorption. The clays were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, zeta potential, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). In the adsorption tests, the kinetics of equilibrium, adsorption dosage, and adsorption isotherms were studied, as well as the recovery and reutilization of the adsorbents. The results of the adsorption tests indicated that the process reached equilibrium after 90 min; the amount of dye removed per gram of adsorbent (qe, mg.g−1) was 23.01, 34.92, and 25.45 for the clays LG-PILC, Ti-PILC, and Al-PILC, respectively. In the kinetic studies of adsorption, all samples followed the pseudo-second-order model. The optimal adsorbent dosage for removing Congo red across all samples was 0.5 g.L−1. Among the adsorption isotherm models tested, the isotherms found in LG-PILC and Al-PILC samples were closest to the Henry isotherm (R2 = 0.94 and 0.84 for LG-PILC and Al-PILC, respectively). In contrast, the isotherm found in Ti-PILC clay was closest to the Langmuir model in linear form (R2 = 0.98). XRD results showed that the clay composition is mainly montmorillonite, and all other characterization results indicated that the pillars formed within the clay. In the recovery and reuse of clays (with post-treatment), it was observed that the clays maintained the ability to remove Congo red at each reuse stage. Still, they decrease after each cycle (reaching stability as the cycles go by). The clays studied in this research demonstrated high potential for removing Congo red, with the most promising being titanium pillared clay (Ti-PILC). The Ti-PILC clay showed superior adsorption properties to other adsorbents reported in the current literature.1