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De la necesidad a las preferencias: los significados de la libertad
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2003)
In this paper we analyze the meaning of four concepts, subsistence, needs, wants and preferences from the viewpoint of their association with the concepts of life sustenance and freedom. Our aim is to show that the concentration by mainstream economic theory in the last two allows it to avoid dealing with the most important economic problems of today: poverty and underdevelopment. Moreover, it trivializes the meaning of freedom, and specifically of freedom to choose. As freedom increases, loses substance.
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La matriz de capacidades y desempeños (MCD) y el algoritmo del desarrollo humano (ADH)
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2009)
Given that human development is a complex process involving multiple components and determining factors, multidimensional indicators are needed. On the basis of the extensive literature on the subject, we advance two new indicators: the Matrix of Capabilities and Functioning (MCF), and the Algorithm of Human Development (HDA). The MCF is composed of vectors of capabilities and functioning’s, based on Sen’s idea of Refined Functioning’s. It is based in a matricial framework. both static and dynamic The main purpose of constructing this index is to study how different sets of capabilities relate to alternative functioning’s, to produce diverse outcomes. The Human Development Algorithm (HAD) is a multidimensional index concerning the set of goods and services needed to complete a life cycle. The HDA is a socio-economic context indicator. It is composed of the main “satisfactory” or basic goods and services needed: food, health, education, housing, social security, decent employment and retirement programs, that might be available to all throughout of life cycle. This indicator shows the material progress reached by each country or region as well the institutional organization, private and public, and the degree of social cohesion and solidarity.
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General functionality and perceived quality of life in people with disabilities. Azuay-Ecuador, 2020
(Editorial Ciencias Medicas, 2022-01-01)
Introduction: People with disabilities constitute a growing segment of the world population, whose physical functioning and quality of life are affected on many occasions. To determine the relationship between functionality and perceived quality of life in people with disabilities residing in the province of Azuay-Ecuador in 2020. Methods: A descriptive-correlational study was carried out in 156 participants, selected for presenting some level of disability (physical, auditory, visual, intellectual, psychosocial and multiple). A general data sheet was applied, and the instruments of family functioning (FF-SIL), WHOQOL-abbreviated and WHODAS 2.0. Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated. Results: At a general level, the results show a significant inverse correlation (negative sign) between physical functioning and the perception of the quality of life of the people with disabilities investigated (r = -0.89). Likewise, there are negative linear correlations between the variables investigated when specific groups are analyzed by sex, age, marital status, urban area of residence, paid, with any schooling, from nuclear or single-parent families, with any degree of family functioning. In addition, there is a negative correlation between the variables investigated for any form and degree of disability and the psychosocial, multiple, physical and intellectual types. Conclusions: The quality of life worsens, in a linear way, to the extent that there are more limitations in people with disabilities and vice versa, which is associated with both sexes, young ages, single, urban residence, paid, with any schooling, from nuclear or single-parent families, with any degree of family functioning.
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Relativismo y universalismo en el enfoque de las capacidades
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2009)
Amartya Sen define de manera general al desarrollo como un proceso que aumenta la libertad efectiva de quienes se benefician de él para realizar cualquier actividad a la que atribuyen valor. El enfoque que sustenta esta concepción se centra en las capacidades humanas de realizar actividades valiosas que configuran nuestras vidas y, de manera más general, en nuestra libertad de promover objetivos que tenemos razones para valorar. De acuerdo con este, la evaluación de la justicia no se lleva a cabo en términos de bienes o recursos básicos, sino de las libertades de las que efectivamente gozan las personas para escoger las vidas que tienen razón para valorar.

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