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Air quality biomonitoring of trace elements in the metropolitan area of Huancayo, Peru using transplanted Tillandsia capillaris as a biomonitor
(Brazilian Academy of Sciences, 2020-01-01)
The air quality and distribution of trace elements in a metropolitan area of the Peruvian Andes were evaluated using transplanted epiphytic Tillandsia capillaris as biomonitors. Biomonitors were collected from the non-contaminated area and exposed to five sites with different types of contamination for three months in 2017. After exposure, the content of twenty-one elements were determined by ICP-MS analysis. Datasets were evaluated by one-way ANOVA, exposed-to-baseline (EB), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Results showed significant differences among sampling sites for several elements. According to EF ratios for Ba, Cr, Cu, Pb, Sb, and Zn EB ratios value greater than 1.75 were found around urban areas, indicating anthropogenic influence, which can be attributed to vehicular sources. The highest values of As and Cd were found in areas of agricultural practices, therefore their presence could be related to the employment of agrochemicals (pesticides, herbicides, and phosphate fertilizers). HCA shows that most elements come from vehicular sources and lower from agricultural and natural sources.
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A Holistic Maturity Model for Quality Assessment and Innovation in Peruvian Universities
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025-02-01)
This study proposes a holistic maturity model to evaluate and optimize the performance of Peruvian universities. It addresses key dimensions such as favorable governance, university talent (including students, faculty, and administrators), substantial resources, and results. It is based on the Design Science Research methodology and the Mettler framework. On the other hand, the Delphi method was selected for its ability to consolidate expert opinion. Aiken's V coefficient was used to determine content validity, evaluating criteria such as clarity, relevance, and coherence, to ensure the reliability of the instrument. This model defines concrete practices for each maturity level, facilitating the progressive implementation of improvements in different university contexts. It contributes to Education 4.0 through the IT strategic alignment practices of the enabling governance dimension, promoting the implementation of personalized teaching methods and hybrid learning models. Regarding the Society 5.0 approach, the model prioritizes social impact and environmental sustainability through university social responsibility, ensuring that universities contribute to human and technological development. Finally, this proposal will support decision making in university management and educational policies in Peru and in international contexts.
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